via similarly named veins to splenic vein to the portal venous system; Nerve supply. Below this point, blood is provided to the anus by the middle and inferior rectal arteries, which branch from the internal iliac arteries in the pelvis. The venous drainage of the colon is similar to the arterial supply: Ascending colon – ileocolic and right colic veins, which empty into the superior mesenteric vein. Originated from pelvic splanchnic nerves (S2-S4). There are two colic flexures, or curvatures in the transverse colon. The colon is the last part of the digestive system. Of these branches, the gastroduodenal artery supplies blood to the pylorus of the stomach and the nearby duodenum of the small intestine. These arches provide detours for blood to prevent interruptions to the blood flow to the intestines. From there, feces moves through the descending colon and into the rectum, ultimately exiting the body through the anus as st… Unlike the other branches of the abdominal aorta, the three arteries that supply the intestines are unpaired arteries and extend from the anterior wall of the aorta. The descending colon, sigmoid colon, and superior rectum receive their blood from the inferior mesenteric artery, which arises from the aorta at the level of the third lumbar vertebra (Figure 12). This change in blood flow pattern is related to the embryonic development of this region, with the anus representing the border between the internally located endodermal tissue and the external ectodermal tissue. Nerve Supply of Transverse Colon. Transverse colon is the longest (20 inch/50cm in length) and most active part of the large intestine. The hepatic flexure lies in the right upper quadrant of the human abdomen. Sympathetic. Unsubscribe at any time. Via likewise called veins to splenic vein to the portal venous system. Transverse colon is the longest (20 inch/50cm in length) and most active part of the large intestine. Blood supply to the ascending and transverse colon is via the superior mesenteric artery. It is followed by the right colic artery, which provides blood flow to the ascending colon. The right colic flexure or hepatic flexure (as it is next to the liver) is the sharp bend between the ascending colon and the transverse colon. These arteries work together to supply the intestines with a vital supply of oxygenated blood. The next branch of the superior mesenteric artery, the ileocolic artery, provides blood to the terminal ileum, cecum, and appendix. The left colic flexure or splenic flexure (as it is close to the spleen) is the sharp bend between the transverse colon and the descending colon. Ascending branch of left colic artery supplies distal 1/3. Inferior Mesenteric Artery. One of these branches, the hepatic artery, further divides into three more branches to supply blood to the digestive organs. Next are the intestinal arteries, which can be divided into the jejunal and ileal groups. Blood flowing to the superior regions of the rectum is provided by the superior rectal artery, which supplies the rectum to the level of the internal anal sphincter. During this phase, bacteria further breaks down the food matter in a process called fermentation, water and nutrients are removed, and feces form. Copyright 2016 - 2019 Earth's Lab All Rights Reserved -, Clinical Significance of Transverse Colon. The blood supply to the intestines involves three major arteries and many smaller arteries, which fan out throughout the abdominal region. Colic flexure is known as the splenic flexure continues, the gastroduodenal artery supplies distal 1/3, further into. Blood flow to the sigmoid artery provides blood to the transverse colon left colic vein which... 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